What empowerment is

When second wave feminism was happening in the sixties, seventies and early eighties, most people seemed to understand the word “empowerment” by its actual definition: “a multi-dimensional social process that helps people gain control over their own lives.” But then the 90s came, and the definition got muddied. Susan Faludi outlines the process in the intro to the 15th anniversary edition of Backlash: The Undeclared War Against American Women.

She describes a 90s in which the right wing, panicked that women were becoming empowered, sought to infiltrate third wave feminism and send their own messages. Commercial interests – often the bedfellows of the right wing – followed suit. Suddenly, all sorts of things were feminist! Like “organic” or “lite”, “feminism” and “liberation” had become marketing buzzwords that sold products, but had little meaning. You’ll want to hold onto something when you read this quote from Faludi (p. xiv, preface):

I soon found myself fielding (and declining) multiple invitations from merchandisers to place my feminist seal of approval on brands of blue jeans, high heels, even breast implants.

I sensed things like this happening at the time. When I heard that breast implants and blow jobs were “empowering” women, I knew the word had lost its meaning.

Empowerment vs. feeling powerful

The least empowered person in the world can feel powerful. That’s why it’s so essential to understand the difference. Imagine an African American slave in the 1800s finding little untraceable ways to cause havoc for her master. These acts of revenge may make her feel powerful, and may do her a world of good psychologically. But they don’t change the reality that her master retains complete control over her life, and if he wants to rape her, have a child with her or kill her, he is empowered to do so and she is not empowered to fight back, let alone win.

Why people resist this definition

When I wrote a while ago about how blow jobs were not empowering, I should have anticipated people misunderstanding the concept. But some of the resistance was psychological, not semantic. For many people, feelings of power or “being on top” are the closest they’ve come to actual empowerment, and they very much want to believe they are empowered. I was handing them a harsh reality: “If that’s all you’ve got, then no, you are not empowered.”

I stand by this. But then I don’t think any woman is truly empowered. I think we’ve made progress in that direction, but marketers and the right wing did their best to sidetrack us, and some of it worked. There’s no shame or blame in this. Cultural shifts usually happen like waves: one generation gives its limited and befuddled all (i.e., second wave feminism opened some doors despite its cringe-worthy failure to remember anyone other than educated white middle class ladies), and then the movement falls apart for a period of self-review, and then the next generation gives its limited and befuddled all (i.e., third wave feminism was much more inclusive, but got a little derailed by the stuff I talked about above), and so on.

We have to mark progress by looking at examples like young adults today failing to understand what the big deal about Cagney & Lacey was, because they see women detectives as an ordinary part of reality (at least on TV). So we may not be “empowered” yet, but we are making progress.

But what about individual empowerment?

Since power by definition is about a relationship between multiple entities, I find the idea of being “empowered” within yourself absurd, at least in terms of language. But let’s talk about personal transformations that psychology refers to as “self-actualization.” Self-actualization is a beautiful thing that can occur whether an individual becomes empowered or not. If the slave’s acts of revenge transform her in some positive way, even though they don’t improve her horrible situation, that’s self-actualization. Some people find self-actualization through religion or spirituality or exploration; through the dumping of a religion; through therapy; through personal revelations; through being loved by someone; through loving someone. However you find it, it’s good stuff, even if it doesn’t improve your life.

Empowerment can occur on a personal level – between you and another entity (or entities) in your life – and this is what some people mean when they talk about “personal empowerment.” One example would be an abused child who grows up, moves out and learns how to overcome or at least work around the scars left in her psyche: she no longer needs her abuser, so his power over her is suddenly gone. An actress spends years getting used and abused by the film industry, and then suddenly finds herself with the kind of fan base that will cause big trouble if the industry doesn’t negotiate with her. Or, more simply, a person raised to be shy and meek discovers how to assert herself.

These are all good things, because they can remove or improve bad relationships in your life. This is another reason why I found the notion of empowering blow jobs troubling: who do blow jobs give you power over? One of the cornerstones of feminism is the idea that power should be equal in romantic/marital relationships. I’m pretty sure the women I’ve talked to who claim blow job empowerment are not seeking creepy levels of power over their mates. So this is not a case of empowerment, and it shouldn’t be. It’s a case of feeling powerful, or possibly even becoming self-actualized through sexual exploration or a healthy romantic relationship. Again, that’s all good stuff. It just doesn’t change the fact that your political rights over your own life still pretty much end wherever a bunch of white dudes say it does.

Isn’t this just semantics?

Why is it important that we agree on the terminology? Feeling powerful, being empowered, what’s the diff? The difference lies in understanding that women are still not empowered to prevent the erosion of our reproductive freedoms (which were never fully secured in the first place), our right to education, our entitlement to the same wages men get paid for the same work (still not quite there, and this recession will provide yet another excuse), and so on.

We must bravely face our lack of empowerment, and determine that we will overcome it. Soothing ourselves temporarily with the illusory empowerment of whatever marketers are selling us is just another distraction from the real goal. And those who are truly empowered are taking, and will continue to take, every advantage of our distraction that they can.

Underbelly: Razor

I wrote a while back that while I really enjoyed the strong, pivotal female characters in Undebelly: The Golden Mile, I was disappointed that all the female characters were either victims of crime or crusaders against it, as if women have never been in the thick of the crime. Where were the corrupt cops? The wives and girlfriends who know exactly where their dimonds and furs come from, and don’t care? The villians in the thick of things? Hell, given this was a series focusing on prostitution and organised crime in Sydney, where were the madams, the brothel owners?

So, when I heard about the fourth installment, Underbelly: Razor, set in 1920’s Sydney and focusing on the exploits of crime queens Kate Leigh (sly grog, cocaine) and Tilly Devine (prostitution) who, at their peak, pretty much ran Sydney’s oragnised crime between them as well as running one of the country’s most well-known blood fueds, you can imagine how excited I was. Not to mention, the gorgeous costumes.

Well, at least it didn’t let me down on the costumes.

Part of the problem is my antipathy with Razor is largely based on a feeling. Kate and Tilly just don’t come across as particularly scary – they say how ruthless these women were, but I didn’t get the same sense of mercilessness that past villans have been given – Carl Williams in the original Underbelly, Terry Clark in Tale of Two Cities. Kate and Tilly come across more as teenagers in a bad movie, engaginging one endless catfight. In an early episode, they brawl in the streets, complete with hair-pulling and name-calling.

Kate and Tilly do not come across as powerful women whose ambitions exceed the law. They come across as petty schoolgirls who’d rather engage in catfights than club together and take on the Boys Club, the whole being greater than the sum of its part and all. And yes, I know, that Kate and Tilly’s rivalry transcended all logic – their empires weren’t in direct competition with each other, and they could have achieved a lot more working together than fighting – and it could have match for great watching if we got any insight to why these two women seemed to be hardwires to fight with each other than unite and fight with the Boys Club. (In an early episode, it takes a lot of cajoling to get Kate and Tilly to join forces against a mutual enemy, Norman Bruhn… then Tilly goes and blows is because she doesn’t like the way they’ve agreed on, and brings down the wrath of the law on them all.)

Nellie Cameron, who was one of the city’s most famous, highly-paid prostitues at the time, comes across as a heartless coquette who encourages the men she ‘loves’ to get into brawls/knife-fights/shoot-outs over her. She definitely does not come across as the talented professional she must have been to become so well-known. And in the epilogue, when the ever-reliable Jacqie James (Caroline Craig, who played a major roll in the original Underbelly and has been narrating installments ever since) says ‘no-one knows why she ended her life by sticking her head in an oven.’ Well, I guess they didn’t have Wiki in the 20’s, but they damn well had in in 2011… Cameron killed herself because she had inoperable cancer, and given they had no chemo back then, I can imagine suicide is a pretty pleasant alternative to a slow, painful death. They make it sound like she randomly killed herself when she got sick of her life of sin, when actually she did because she didn’t fancy an even shittier death. (Most likely, I can only guess at the thoughts running the head of a woman who’s been dead fifty-plus years.)

In a secondary role is Lillian Armfield, one of the first woman detective in Australian history. But her role felt a little flat – like it was kind of sucky to be a woman in such a male-dominated field (seriously, her biggest issue is sharing a bathroom with the guys and he boss ignoring her ideas), but there was no sexual hasrrasment, no wage inequality… Underbelly: The Golden Mile did a brilliant job of addressing the sexual harassment of female cops in the late nineties, but Razor neglects to so much as mention in the epilogue that the reason Lillian died in a crappy flat in her eighties was that the police department refused to pay for her pension. God forbid that a woman work hard for decade after decade and earn the right to retire in comfort.

The final episode evolves heavily around the inauguration of the Sydney Harbour bridge and its accompanying controversies, which, while an interesting story in itself, has little to do with Kate and Tilly. It felt like someone had thought ‘hey, lets do something which culminates in the Harbour Bridge being built’ and worked the story around that. I got no sense of the powerful, frightening women that Kate and Tilly must have been to earn both their place in Sydney’s crime scene in that era and in Australia’s history. I got no sense of the shrewd businesswoman Nellie Cameron must have been, or the ambitious cop that Lillian Armfield must have been. These women fell flat against the history of powerful, frightening, ambitious men and women that Underbelly’s heroes and villians have been in the past.

Pro-lifers: please just admit you hate women already

It’s the big pink elephant in the room. We all know it, but it’s like we’re not allowed to say it because accusing someone of being a hater is somehow supposedly worse than actually being a hater. But let’s break down why it’s so obvious.

One of the arguments I keep hearing for voting yes on MS 26 runs something like this:

As a Christian, a black American woman, mother, grandmother and OB-GYN, I know that every person is valuable and has a right to life.

So obviously you oppose the death penalty, and consider serial killers, child molesters and rapists valuable, and support welfare and assistance programs because those lazy jerks who refuse to get jobs are valuable, too? Right?

Why do I never get a yes on that question? It’s so simple. Either you really mean that every person is valuable, or you don’t. Clearly, you don’t, so why are you lying? What is it you really want out of anti-abortion laws?

I think what they really mean is that we’re all valuable when we’re first born, or about to be born, but we can render ourselves value-less by our own actions later on. Okay, fair enough. But apparently, they feel a girl/woman loses all value the minute she’s vaginally penetrated, whether by her choice or not. Once she’s been penetrated, then she’s just a baby factory and she should accept that. And I have this sinking feeling that a woman isn’t a whole lot more valuable if she’s never been penetrated. It’s not even like there’s a way for us to win.

Remember when it was all just anti-abortion except in cases of rape and incest or saving the mother’s life, and then abortion rates went down in the 90s, so suddenly it was anti-birth control and no exception for rape or incest or to save the mother’s life? When somebody keeps moving the finish line like that, you have to doubt that their stated goal is their real goal. And the stated goal now is about allowing rapists to profit from their crimes and killing women both with pregnancy complications and cancer when doctors can’t treat hormonal imbalances. Let’s just ask ourselves what that suggests about the actual mindset of the people we’re dealing with.

Please, people, just admit that you hate women and want them to learn their place already. Your misogyny is so obvious. Admit it to yourself, and either own it, or get some counseling to figure out why you hate women so much. And yes, many of these misogynists are women. It’s called internalized oppression. Don’t ever think that because someone is in a marginalized group, they can’t rather amusingly find ways to identify with their oppressors to avoid recognizing their own oppression – or just to make their lives more comfortable.

A fertilized egg is not a human being. A human being is a fetus that can live outside the womb, and the law already restricts abortion rights accordingly for those fetuses. The law is already very sensible and reasonable. Why are you not satisfied with it? Because it doesn’t hurt women as badly as you want to see them hurting.

Seriously, none of this crap is about preserving life. It’s all about controlling women, and there is no other logical way to read it. Let’s all stop tolerating the pretty terms like “pro-life” and phrases like “every life is valuable.” Let’s raise the logical questions every time someone lectures us about this stuff, and make them confront what they really are: haters.

Hilary Adams: child abuse on film

This is a case I’m going to have a lot to say about as details unfold. In 2004, a sixteen year old girl named Hilary Adams suspected her father was going to beat her soon, as he often did. She’d been caught earlier in the day downloading music or games in a manner her father believed to be illegal. She turned her camera on, set it up on a dresser, disguised the red recording light with a scarf, and filmed seven and a half minutes of her father whipping her viciously with a belt and cursing at her.

This man is a family court judge in Aransas County, Texas, hearing cases that involve domestic abuse. Belt whipping is perfectly legal in Texas, but few people seem to believe this video represents what the state law had in mind. You can watch the video here in its entirety; be forewarned, it is every bit as disturbing as you would imagine.

Judge Adams says he “did nothing wrong.” He was punishing his child, and he lost his temper, and he apologized. But if he’d never done anything like this before, how come Hilary knew to set up the camera? Here are some highlights (with the time they occur) from this alleged punishment. You’ll notice Hilary’s mother also participated – I’ll get to analysis of that later.

The video

  • 1:45. The judge: “Lay down, or I’ll spank you on the fuckin’ face!”
  • 1:55. After nearly two minutes of beating her on the legs because she won’t turn over so he can beat her buttocks, the judge grabs Hilary by the jaw and shoves her down onto the bed on her back.
  • 2:22. The mother takes the belt from the judge and says she’ll continue the spanking. The judge grabs for the belt, panting, “Give it to me! Give it to me!” in a weirdly breathless tone (as if he’s really exerting himself, which he is not). She won’t give it up, and so he leaves the room to get another belt for himself. The mother does calmly administer one single lash on Hilary’s buttocks, Hilary having cooperated with her request to turn over and take the beating, and Hilary’s cries aren’t nearly as loud as with her father’s lashes. Now, that is probably what the state of Texas had in mind. I’m not saying it’s great parenting, but it’s very different from what the judge is doing.
  • 3:05. The judge bursts back into the room, followed by the mother, and shouts: “I never got my lick in on her!” He sounds almost cheerful. I guess he means a lick on the buttocks since he’s whipped her legs quite a few times. I suspect the mother told him she lashed Hilary’s buttocks, thinking that would placate him, but it only made him envious.
  • 3:12. The judge: “Get on your stomach, or I’m gonna start beating you again!” Again with the weird breathlessness. I hate to say it, but what it brings to mind is sexual excitement.
  • 3:30. The mother, to the judge: “That’s e-” The judge, to Hilary: “I have to beat you into submission!”
  • 3:40. He asks Hilary if she’s going to put more games on the computer, and she wails, “No!” The judge launches into a lengthy tirade on why he didn’t even want “a fuckin’ computer” in the house. The computer is for her schoolwork, by the way, and they mention this several times. The internet also serves as a link to the outside world for an abused child – I’ve actually heard more than a few stories from abused kids about not being allowed to have computers. Draw your own conclusions.
  • 4:18. The judge: “Is it fun to disobey your mom and dad?… You don’t fuckin’ deserve to be in this house.”
  • 4:52. “I’ll just keep beating you, and beating you.”
  • 5:17. The judge, in a low, dangerous tone: “If I hear so much as you raise your fuckin’ voice, one little bit to me, or your mother, or the wrong tone, or you do one little thing wrong, or you-” here, he’s back to a shout – “look at me fuckin’ wrong, I’m gonna take you in there and wear your fuckin’ ass out with this belt, you understand me?”
  • 5:44. The judge: “You caused this, by your dis-fuckin’-obedience.”

He calls this event a beating four times. To use the phrase trial lawyers just love: were you lying then, or are you lying now, Judge Adams, when you say this was merely a punishment?

This doesn’t sound look or sound like punishment. What I see on that video is a man enjoying himself or getting some kind of relief. He never expresses regret at having to do this. Nor do I see a man who’s lost his temper. He seems very angry, but not out of control at all.

Lack of legal consequences

Legally, there’s nothing to be done – there usually isn’t in these cases, because the statutes of limitations (I believe 5 years is the most any state offers) don’t allow young adults enough time to process the events, get safely away from their abusive parents, wait for their younger siblings to be safely away, and then make charges. But there has been a public outcry from all over the world (see first link above) demanding that this man be removed from the bench. I guess if only every abused child had video of the abuse, people would believe them even against VIPs like judges.

Dr. Drew’s reaction

If you couldn’t stand to watch the video of the beating, you might really enjoy this one, in which Dr. Drew gets very hot and bothered and tells a judge from Florida he doesn’t care what the law says, because in psychiatry, they spend all their time trying to put back together the pieces of adults like Hilary. It’s heartening to see anybody get that unequivocally pissed off about child abuse on national television.

We know for sure – categorically – that physical abuse, being struck by an object… for young people whose brains are developing, shatters the brain’s upper limit of its ability to regulate, and actually changes the way the brain grows.

This is the sort of thing that’s so important for people to understand. You hear all this pseudo-science about how genes hardwire our brains to certain behaviors and culture has nothing to do with it. One of the reasons it’s crap is that the brain is so plastic as it’s developing – things that happen to us up to early adulthood determine which genes will be expressed.

Hilary’s mother, Hallie

Let’s talk about Hilary’s mother. She and Hilary are now close because Hallie has apologized (non-stop, according to Hilary) and seems genuine in her remorse. She says she was “brainwashed” by her husband into going along with him, and that the judge has kept emotionally abusing her since the divorce. When she told him she was never speaking to him again, he said he would cut off her alimony and take their younger daughter away from her. Weren’t we just talking about that abuse pattern? Do these guys have a manual, or something?

If you’re wondering how a woman could get to the point of helping her husband beat their child, you need to understand this: when you’re living with someone who gets that violent anytime anyone stands up to him, you don’t stand up to him. You either become very passive, or you become his collaborator in hopes of mitigating the damage. That’s what we’re seeing here – a mitigating collaborator. The mother calmly agrees with every argument the judge makes, because arguing with him would only escalate his temper. She takes over the beating not because she enjoys it – that’s clear from her demeanor – but because she’s hoping it will lessen his anger and protect Hilary from his more painful lashes. Several times she says “That’s en…” and stops herself because that constitutes standing up to him. As hard as it is to stomach, this is clearly a woman doing the best she can under circumstances that are as FUBAR as any war situation.

Most importantly, the mother has shown remorse and is not arguing that what she did was okay. She accepts responsibility and has done what she can to make amends. Despite how extreme her deeds seem out of context, they are human errors. The judge, on the other hand, has no remorse and feels he is being wronged. Perhaps the best quote from Hilary’s father so far is: “I really don’t want to get into this right now because as you can see my life’s been made very difficult over this child.”

The judge

The judge tells his side of it through a statement from lawyers:

Just prior to the YouTube upload, a concerned father shared with his 23-year-old daughter that he was unwilling to continue to work hard and be her primary source of financial support, if she was going to simply ‘drop out,’ and strive to achieve no more in life than to work part time at a video game store. Hilary warned her father if he reduced her financial support, and took away her Mercedes automobile, which her father had provided, he would live to regret it.

To the ignorant, this may sound like a privileged child seeking revenge for the withdrawal of her privileges, though fortunately most people seem to recognize that what the judge did is completely wrong, regardless. But it’s not that simple. Money is one of the ways abusers control their victims – and they will control child victims well into adulthood, if the victims allow it. And the victims often do, because many lack confidence that they can make it without their abusers’ financial help – a view abusers promote every chance they get.

Abuse victims also tend to struggle in school (nothing like trying to take a test when you’re distracted by the headgames of emotional abuse, let alone injuries that make it hard to sit at a desk) and in making friends (a skill which translates in adulthood to “networking”), which doesn’t set them up for career success. (And at the moment, let’s face it: young adults with degrees are working part-time at video game stores.) Abusers who play this game often eventually threaten to end all support in hopes of forcing their victim to comply with their wish to keep abusing her. Some victims give in. Others, like Hilary, instinctively leap at the chance to be free of the abuse once and for all.

Exploring the absolute heights of ableism, the judge’s statement also says:

It is regrettable that Hilary Adams, a bright and gifted person, would include in her post that she is or was a disabled or a special needs child. As multiple media appearances clearly demonstrate, Hilary Adams is articulate, possesses a superior IQ, and is capable of functioning as a productive adult in today’s complex society. No one should take the affliction of cerebral palsy lightly. Hilary’s parents did not. Hilary’s condition was monitored as a child and her medical needs met. However, neither should a perfectly capable adult try to use an affliction as a device for media sympathy. It should now be apparent to the world that “disabled” was mislabeled.

First of all, you’re never cured of ataxic cerebral palsy (though there are treatments that mitigate the complications, and I hope this means Hilary benefited from them). It’s worth mentioning that physical child abuse can cause cerebral palsy. And children with disabilities are more likely to be abused than children without. A disability need not be visually obvious to constitute a problem, and functionality is not the measure of ability. I believe Hilary’s intent in mentioning her disability was not to get sympathy, but to let the world know how absolutely pitiless this family court judge is toward even disabled children.

The judge’s psychiatric profile

Hilary has expressed that she wants her father to get help. Her mother has referred to “an addiction” as a “family secret” that explains his behavior. Addiction certainly does not explain his behavior. It can cause otherwise considerate people to behave very selfishly in service of their addiction, but it certainly never forced anyone to administer a sustained beating to a child. And deriving joy from someone else’s pain – and I do believe that’s what we’re talking about – is known in psychiatry as sadism, and it’s a symptom that has no particular link to addiction.

Hilary’s response to her father’s remarks about how he did nothing wrong is very telling: “It’s a shining perfect example of his personality and he believes he can do no wrong … He will cover up rather than admit to what he did and try to come clean.”

That sounds like narcissism. It’s all about him, and everyone should understand that, and no one should ever criticize him, for he is above us all.

To Hilary’s concerns about his mental health, the judge has also responded through his statement:

If this entire event was a plea for help and healing, the methodology is certainly unorthodox. Judge Adams, who among other reasons, still has a minor daughter to consider, chooses to involve the media as little as possible whilst personal family matters are sorted through. The public may ponder what consideration Hilary Adams gave her little sister before subjecting the entire family to worldwide microscopic scrutiny, and permanent consequences.

Hilary has said it was concern for her younger sister and mother that prompted her to wait this long. The mother is now free of the judge, and has primary custody of the younger daughter. But you see from this how abusers always make sure they have somebody as a hostage to keep you silent. It takes a lot of courage to speak out, but at some point you realize the only way the hurting will ever stop once and for all is if you speak out, even if speaking out hurts someone in the short term.

Dr. Drew thinks Hilary has had therapy, and this is part of her healing process. There’s nothing more healing than telling people what you’ve been through and having them believe you and care. The internet is giving abused kids that chance on a scale never before seen.

Another thing that kept Hilary silent was that people she and her mother had confided in didn’t believe them in the past. This is typical, especially when the alleged abuser is someone important, like a  judge, a doctor, a preacher, a cop, a military man, etc. To believe someone of lower social standing over someone with higher standing is an act of public defiance, and most people lack the courage to take that step. If you ever wondered why some people are so cynical about human beings, this is a good example.

Whatever happens, this guy needs to be removed from the bench without ever a chance of judging a case again in any state, ever. His former cases should be pored over carefully for signs that he has consistently sided with likely abusers, or dismissed claims of abuse as mere “punishment.”

Update: Judge Adams was only briefly suspended with pay, but the public – narrowly – decided not to re-elect him. And that’s about as close to justice as it ever gets here.

Australia’s Prime Minister Does Not Need To Curtsey

Australian Prime Minister Julia Gilard has copped a lot of flak lately.  Some of it she deserves. And some of she doesn’t.

Like refusing to curtsey to the Queen.

Gillard was told that an acknowledging nod would do (and how is one meant to curtsey in a pencil skirt, anyway?). I won’t bore you with the details – I’m sure you’ve found them, anyway – but to my mind, Gillard, as Head of Government recognised the Head of State, and that was all.

She does not need to apologise  for being a republican (who sees no need for a royal family) nor does she need to apologise for being a feminist. Gillard demonstrated respect towards her current head of state, if indifference towards the woman working against her politically.

Gillard need not apologise for refusing to recognise an antiquated means of saluting a head of state that many members of the Commonwealth believe in and that she, personally does not. Guess what, people. That’s free speech.

I’m ashamed that we are becoming a nation that needs to throw out a Prime Minister on no better logic than ‘she’s  a woman not behaving how she should’. We are human, we should have learnt how to behave 5,000 years ago.